The Wadi Huraymala is comparatively a large wadi situated about 100 km from the Riyadh City (24⁰ 55`- 25<sup>0</sup> 13` N to 45⁰ 56`-46<sup>0</sup> 12` E). The wadi is located at an altitude of about 810 m and surrounded by Tuwayq Mountains of various heights. Since the area is in the middle of several Hillocks, the wadi receives plenty of run off water during rainy seasons. Though the Huraymala wadi is famous for its agriculture farms, it is believed that the area was once   covered by a significant number of annuals and perennials

The main feature of the wadi is the presence of a semi protected area on the southwestern side. Although tree felling is prevented by a Royal decree, controlled grazing and picnicking is allowed within the protected area. There are several wadis present in the study area, of which Abu Khathathah is the main wadi. In addition to Wadi Abu-Khathathah, several other wadis, such as Rumaitha, Al-Yatha and Abu-Khashabah also join the main wadi in the protected area. The wadis, which slope in the southwest to northeast direction, are the main source of runoff water from rains. A Dam is constructed just outside the protected area to collect the rain water flowing through the wadis

Dense vegetation can be observed in the wadis, which is composed mainly of Acacia gerrardii, Lycium shawii and Rhazya stricta. However, the areas outside the wadis are less significant in terms of vegetation. The habitats in these areas are composed of either gravels or stones and the vegetation in these areas is sparse due to the impermeability of water and the impenetrable surface to plant roots. Here the vegetation is largely confined to the periphery of the gravel areas, where fine soil accumulate over a considerable period of time and generate a habitat suitable for certain shallow rooted annual plants. The slopes and top of the hills are also less favourable for plant growth due to exposure to wind and eroded soil. However, in certain areas such as the ‘V’ shaped angles of the hills, a significant number of herbaceous plants have been noticed along with a few shrubby plants like Capparis cartilaginea and Ficus cordata ssp. salicifolia.  Vegetation of the plateaus and top of the hills is dominated by species such as Zygophyllum migahidii, Rhanterium epapposum, Pulicaria crispa, Lycium shawii, Gymnocarpos decandrum, Fagonia bruguieri, Diplotaxis harra, Pennisetum divisum, Stipagrostis plumosa, Pergularia tomentosa, Farsetia aegyptia, Plantago amplexicaulis, Haplophyllum tuberculatum, etc.