Wadi Lejib
Wadi Lejib/Lajab, (N 170 21′ 5.5″ E 420 49′ 4.2″ ) is a 40 km long wadi, of which an approximately 10 km long area is a deep canyon,. It is situated in the Al-Rayth area, north-east of Baysh of Jazan Province. The Lajab gourge is an important plant diversity hotspot and one of the most spectacular landforms in Saudi Arabia, similar to Wadi Qaraqir, north of Saudi Arabia. It is one of the oldest widyan draining systems flanked by steep sand stone walls and a floor of 10-60 m width. Heavy rains are expected during summer months causing flash floods along the wadi floor. Flash floods and the seeping water from side walls often create a narrow stream on the wadi bed and occasional water falls for almost all months a year. The terrain is almost inaccessible due to the presence of small and large boulders along wadi bed. The seeping sandstone wall support lush green vegetation, comprised of several rare and endangered species, mostly found only in Wadi Lajab. Although the area is becoming increasingly important for recreational activities, the difficult terrain is not easy for visitors and therefore the overall vegetation is less altered in the entire area. Wadi beds and canyon walls are dominated by Breonadia salicina, Ficus cordata ssp. salicifolia, Maesa lanceolata, Mimusops laurifolia, Nuxia oppositifolia, Rhamnus lycoides ssp. oleoides and Trichelia emetica. There are several other plants such as Epipactis veratrifolia, Periploca visciformis, Pisonia aculeata, etc are appear to be rare in the area and are reported from Wadi Lajab alone. Flora of the wadi is comparatively rich. About 277 species in 72 families are reported from Wadi Lajab, of which 28 families are represented by a single species.
Acanthaceae
Anisotes trisulcus (Forssk.) Nees
Barleria trispinosa (Forssk.) Vahl
Barleria bispinosa Forssk.
Blepharis ciliaris (L.) B.L. Burtt.
Crossandra johannianae Fiori
Ecbolium viride (Forssk.) Alston
Ecbolium gymnostachyum (Nees) Milne Redh.
Hypoestes forsskaolii (Vahl) R.Br.
Justicia flava (Vahl) Vahl
Justicia heterocarpa T. Anderson
Ruellia patula Jacq.
Ruellia grandiflora (Fossk.) Blatter
Ruellia pratermissa Schweinf. ex Lindau
Aizoaceae
Aizoon canariense L.
Aloeaceae
Aloe officinalis Forssk.
Amaranthaceae
Achyranthes aspera L.
Aerva javanica (L.) Juss. ex Schult.
Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult.
Alternanthera pungens Kunth
Amaranthus graecizans L.
Amaranthus lividus L.
Celosia trigyna L.
Chenopodium ambrosioides L.
Chenopodium carinatum R.Br.
Chenopodium murale L.
Chenopodium schraderianum Schultes
Pupalia lappacea (L.) Juss.
Amaryllidaceae
Scadoxus multiflorus (Martyn) Raf.
Anacardiaceae
Pistacia falcate Becc.
Rhus abyssinica Hochst. ex Oliv.
Rhus retinorrhea Steud.
Apiaceae
Foeniculum vulgare Mill.
Apocynaceae
Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult.
Calotropis procera (Ait) R.Br.
Caralluma retrospiciens Ehrenb.
Carissa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl
Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don
Gomphocarpus fruticosus (L.) Ait f.
Kanahia laniflora (Forssk.) R.Br.
Periploca visciformis (Vatke) K. Schum.
Rhytidocaulon macrolobum Lav.
Aristolochiaceae
Aristolochia bracteolate Lam.
Asteraceae
Calendula tripterocarpa Rupr.
Calendula arvensis L.
Conyza incana (Vahl) Willd.
Doellia bovei (DC.) Anderb.
Eclipta prostrate (L.) L.
Erigeron bonariensis (L.) Cronquist
Erigeron trilobus (Decne.) Boiss.
Flaveria trinervia (Spreng.) Mohr.
Helichrysum glumaceum DC.
Klenia anteuphorbium (L.) DC.
Klenia pendula (Forssk.) DC.
Launaea capitata (Spreng.) Dandy
Launaea massauensis (Fresen.)Sch. Bip.
Launaea massauensis (Fres.) Chiov.
Pluchea dioscoridis (L.) DC.
Pulicaria crispa (Forssk.) Benth
Pulicaria schimperi DC.
Pulicaria petiolaris Jaub. & Spach.
Pulicaria schimperi DC.
Pulicaria arabica (L.) Cass
Pulicaria undulate (L.) C.A. May
Reichardia tingitana (L.) Roth.
Senecio flavus (Decne.) Sch.-Bip. ex A. Rich.
Sonchus oleraceus L.
Tridax procumbens L.
Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) A. Gray
Vernonia cinerascens Sch.Bip.
Barbeyaceae
Barbeya oleoides Schweinf.
Boraginaceae
Cordia sinensis Lam.
Ehretia abyssinica R.Br. ex Fresen
Heliotropium longiflorum (Hochst. & Steud.) Jaub. & Spach.
Heliotropium strigosum Willd.
Heliotropium arbainense Fresen.
Heliotropium longiflorum Steud. & Hochst.
Trichodesma ehrenbergii Schweinf. Ex Boiss.
Brassicaceae
Sisymbrium irio L.
Sisymbrium erysimoides Desf.
Cannabaceae
Celtis Africana Burm.
Trema orientalis (L.) Blume
Capparaceae
Capparis cartilaginea Decne.
Capparis tomentosa Lam.
Cleome gynandra L.
Cleome ramosissimum (Lehm.) DC.
Cleome scaposa DC.
Cleome viscose L.
Maerua crassifolia Forssk.
Caryophyllaceae
Arenaria foliaceae Turril
Cometes abyssinica R.Br.
Gypsophila capillaries (Forssk.) C. Christ.
Loeflingia hispanica L.
Spergula fallax (Lowe)Krause
Celastraceae
Maytenus sp.
Maytenus senegalensis (Lam.) Exell
Combretaceae
Combretum molle R. Br. ex G.Don.
Terminalia brownie Fresen.
Commelinaceae
Commelina benghalensis L.
Commelina Africana L.
Convolvulaceae
Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L.
Ipomoea obscura (L,) Ker.-Gawl.
Cucurbitaceae
Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrader
Kedrostis foetidissima (Jacq.) Cogn.
Zehneria scabra (L.f.) Sond
Cyperaceae
Cyperus alternifolius L.
Schoenus nigricans L.
Dracaenacee
Dracaena ombet Kot. & Peyr.
Ebenaceae
Euclea schimperi (A.DC.) Dandy
Diospyros mespiliformis Hocst.
Sansevieria ehrenbergii Schweinf. Ex Bak.
Euphorbiaceae
Acalypha fruticosa ssp. schimperi Forssk.
Acalypha indica L.
Acalypha racemosa Wall ex Bail.
Euphorbia consobrina N.E. Br.
Euphorbia granulate Forssk.
Euphorbia indica Lam.
Fluggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Voigt
Jatropha glauca Vahl
Ricinus communis L.
Fumariaceae
Fumaria parviflora Lam.
Fumaria abyssinica Hammar
Geraniaceae
Geranium ocellatum Jacquem ex Cambess.
Geranium trilophum Boiss.
Lamiaceae
Endostemon tereticaulis (Poir) Ashby
Lavandula coronopifolia Poir.
Lavandula pubescens Decne.
Orthosiphon pallidus Royle ex Benth.
Orthosiphon thymiflorus (Roth) Steesen
Leucas alba (Forssk.) Sebald
Leucas glabrata (Vahl) Sm.
Micromeria imbricate (Forssk.) C. Chr.
Ocimum forsskolei Benth.
Ocimum filamentosum Forssk.
Otostegia fruticosa ssp. schimperi (Benth.) Sebald
Lauraeae
Cassytha filiformis L.
Leguminosae
Abrus bottae Defl.
Abrus precatorius L.
Acacia asak (Forssk.) Willd.
Acacia ehrenbergiana Hayne.
Acacia mellifera Vahl
Acacia origena Asfaw
Acacia seyal Del.
Anagyris foetida L.
Cadia purpurea (G. Piccioli) Aiton
Indigofera articulate Gouan
Indigofera spiniflora Boiss.
Indigofera spinosa Forssk..
Senna italic Mill.
Senna occidentalis (L.) Link.
Tamarindus indica L.
Tephrosia nubica (Boiss.) Bak.
Loganiaceae/Buddlejaceae
Nuxia oppositifolia Hochst.
Loranthaceae
Phragmanthera austroarabica A. G. Miller & J. Nyberg
Lythraceae
Ammania baccifera L.
Malvaceae
Abutilon bidentatum A. Rich
Abutilon fruticosum Guill. & Perr.
Abutilon pannosum (Forst.f.) Schlecht.
Fioria vitifolia (L.) Mattei
Hibiscus deflersii Schweinf. ex Cufod.
Hibiscus dongolensis Del.
Hibiscus deflersii Schweinf. ex Cufod.
Hibiscus micranthus L.
Meliaceae
Trichilia emetic Vahl
Molluginaceae
Corbichonia decumbens (Forssk.) Exell.
Glinus lotoides L.
Moraceae
Ficus cordata ssp. salicifolia (Vahl) C.C. Berg.
Ficus palmate Forssk.
Ficus sycomorus L.
Ficus vasta Forssk.
Moringaceae
Moringa peregrine (Forssk.) Fiori
Myrsinaceae
Maesa lanceolata Forssk.
Myrtaceae
Syzygium guineense (Willd.) DC.
Nyctaginaceae
Boerhavia diffusa L.
Commicarpus grandiflorus (A. Rich.) Stand.
Commicarpus helenae (Roem. & Schultes) Meikle
Commicarpus plumbagineus (Cav.) Stand.
Pisonia aculeate L.
Oleaceae
Jasminum grandiflorum (R.Br. Ex Fresen.) P.S. Green
Olea europaea ssp. cuspidate (Wall ex Don) Cifferi
Orchidaceae
Epipactis veratrifolia Boiss. & Hohen.
Oxalidaceae
Oxalis corniculata L.
Palmaceae
Phoenix caespitosa Chiov.
Phoenix reclinata Jacq.
Papaveraceae
Argemone Mexicana L.
Argemone ochroleuca Sweet.
Passifloraceae
Adenia venenata Forssk.
Phyllanthaceae
Andrachene aspera Spreng.
Phyllanthus rotundifolius Klein ex Willd.
Plantaginaceae
Campylanthus pungens O. Schwartz.
Poaceae
Bromus sericeus Drobov.
Chloris barbata Swartz
Paspalidium desertorum (A. Rich.) Stapf
Poa annua L.
Aristida mutabilis Trin. & Rupr.
Arthraxon prionodes (Steud.) Dandy
Brachiariandeflexa (Schum.) C. Hubb. ex Robyns
Brachiaria reptans (L.) C.A. Gardner & C.E. Hubb.
Brachiaria leersioides (Hochst.) Stapf
Cenchrus ciliaris L.
Chloris gayana Kunth.
Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd.
Dichanthium foveolatum (Del.) Roberty
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Dactyloctenium aristatum Link.
Eragrostis barrelieri Dav.
Ochthochloa compressa (Forssk.) Hilu
Digitaria velutina (Forssk.) P. Beauv.
Echinochloa colona (L.) Link.
Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.
Enneapogon lophotrichus Chiov. ex H. Scholz & P. Konig
Enteropogon macrostachyus (Vahl) K. Schum.
Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R.Br.
Eragrstis papposa (Roem. & Schultes) Steud.
Heteropogon,contortus,(L.) Beauv. Ex Roem. & Schult.
Hyparrhenia hirta (L.) Stapf.
Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov.
Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) C. E. Hubbard
Rostraria pumila (Desf.) Tzvelev
Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.
Tetrapogon tenellus (Roxb.) Chiov.
Tetrapogon villosus Desf.
Polygalaceae
Polygala abyssinica R.Br. ex Fresen
Polygonaceae
Oxygonum sinuatum (Hochst. & Steudel) Dammer
Rumex vesicarius L.
Polypodiaceae
Adiantum incisum Forssk.
Portulacaceae
Portulaca oleracea L.
Portulaca quadrifida L.
Talinium portulacifoliium (Forssk.) Asch. ex Schweinf.
Primulaceae
Anagallis arvensis L.
Samolus valerandi L.
Pteridophytes
Adiantum capillus-veneris L.
Pteris vittala L.
Resedaceae
Ochradenus baccatus Delile
Rhamnaceae
Rhamnus disperma Ehrenb. ex Boiss.
Rhamnus lycoides ssp. oleoides (L.) Jahandez & Maire
Ziziphus mucronata Willd.
Rubiaceae
Breonadia salicina (Vahl) Hepper & J.R.I. Wood
Pentas lanceolata (Forssk.) Deflers
Psydrax schimperiana (A.Rich.) Bridson
Salvadoraceae
Salvadora persica L.
Sapindaceae
Dodonaea angustifolia L.f.
Sapotaceae
Mimusops laurifolia (Forssk.) Friis
Scrophulariaceae
Lindenbergia indica (L.) Kuntz.
Schweinfurthia pterosperma A. Braun.
Scrophularia arguta Sol.
Scoparia duclis L.
Verbascum yemense Defl.
Veronica polita Fr.
Solanaceae
Datura ferox L.
Datura stramonium L.
Physalis minima L.
Solanum nigrum L.
Solanum forsskalii Dunal
Solanum incanum L.
Solanum schimperianum Hochst. Ex. A. Rich
Solanum surattense Burm.f.
Solanum villosum Mill.
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal
Tamaricaceae
Tamarix senegalensis DC.
Tiliaceae
Corchorus olitorius L.
Corchorus trilocularis L.
Grewia velutinan (Forssk.) Lam.
Grewia erythraea Schweinf.
Grewia tenax (Forssk.) Fiori
Urticaceae
Forsskaolea tenacissima L.
Forsskaolea viridis Ehrenb. Ex Desf.
Paretaria debilis G.Frost
Velloziaceae
Xerophyta arabica (Bak.) N. Menezes
Verbenaceae
Chascanum marrubifolium Fenzl ex Walp.
Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene
Priva adhaerens (Forssk.) Chiov.
Violaceae
Hybanthus enneaspermus(L.) F. Muell.
Vitaceae
Cissus quandrangularis L.
Cissus rotundifolia Vahl
Zygophyllaceae
Balanites aegyptica (L.) Del.
Fagonia bruguieri DC.
Tribulus terrestris L.
